Sasori Karate Club - JKAE - Japan Karate Association of England

From the dawn of history in Okinawa, there existed a natural method of fighting called Okinawa-te (or Okinawa hand). The first expansion period of karate in Okinawa occurred approximately 500 years ago when King Hashi of the Sho Dynasty reunited the three principal kingdoms of the Ryukyu Islands and unified the entire archipelago. In order to maintain authority without a large military force, King Hashi decreed that the carrying of weapons would be a crime against the kingdom. Without weapons, secret training in bare-handed fighting methods increased greatly in popularity among the peasants and grew much more sophisticated and efficient.

Around 1600 A.D., the Japanese Lord of Satsuma attacked and conquered King Hashi's unarmed kingdom. Just as King Hashi had done before him, the Japanese invader in 1609 prohibited the natives' right to possess and carry weapons to protect his domination.

Their reaction produced the second period of development of karate in Okinawa. Secret training in Okinawa-te again expanded, becoming even more deadly. Techniques were also developed using farm implements such as sticks, sickles, chains, and iron bars, which were not forbiden to the peasants. Thus, the techniques of Bojutsu, Tonfa, Nunchaku, and Sai were born.

During this period the family of the Shimazu, Lords of Satsuma in Southern Japan, endeavored to promote commercial and cultural exchanges with the outside and to open the southern part of the country to China. This policy combined with the geographic closeness of the Ryukyu Islands to China greatly accelerated the influence of Chinese fighting methods on Okinawa-te.

About 1735 the Chinese influence on karate was first mentioned in a local history book, Õhshima-Hikki (the word Õhshima means "big island" and Hikki means "note). The book tells of a man named Sakugawa who traveled to China, mastered karate and returned to Okinawa to teach his methods.

Soon other Chinese delegates came to Okinawa. The principal ones were Iwah, Waishingzan, and Ason. The latter restricted the number of his students to a handful, the most famous was Master Tomigusaka who was at the peak of his fame during the youth of Master Gichin Funakoshi.

Karate Jutsu's literal translation is "empty hand art". it stems from the earlier word te, meaning "hand". This was the first name given to the art in Okinawa, chosen to give the Chinese their due credit for developing the foundation of all martial arts -- also referred to as the "China hand art". Sokon Matsumura is given credit for creating this name around the late 1700s. Through the years to follow, many other names for individual styles emerged, with each master taking his chosen methods and techniques, favorite kata, and his own approach to self defense. Karate Jutsu goes back to the roots of the Chinese, Okinawan and Japanese martial arts when the arts were developing and influencing one another.

Karate-Do

Japanese	English
Kara	Empty
Te	Hand
Do	Way

Karate Jutsu is the predecessor of Karate Do, the "empty hand way". The suffix "jutsu" implies a form of combat, whereas "Do" indicates a discipline and philosophy with moral and spiritual connotations. Today, Karate Jutsu itself has its own philosophy of peacefulness and tranquility.

Anko Itosu and Anko Azato, lived in Okinawa during the 1800's. Besides being karate masters, they both taught various skills to a very special student.

In 1922, having mastered [these] two major styles in Okinawa, Master Gichin Funakoshi, then president of Okinawa Association of the Spirit of Martial Arts, was chosen to demonstrate karate at the first National Athletic Exhibition in Tokyo.

This led to the introduction of the ancient martial art to the rest of Japan. At the urging of friends and officials, he remained in Tokyo to teach. Today, he is recognized as the most important influence in the development of contemporary karate. Training became an education for life. His authored "Karate-Do Kyohan" and "Karate-Do: My Way Of Life".

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